Cyber threats are everywhere, and they are only becoming more advanced as time passes. You might assume that your smaller size keeps you safe, but this is a serious error of judgement. In fact, 43% of all attacks target small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs).
Your strongest defence is knowledge. A solid understanding of which threats you’re most likely to experience allows you to develop a strategy, and implement security measures designed to stop them. So here are 5 of the most common cyber security threats small businesses are facing in 2025, along with actionable insights on how to defend yourself.
1. Phishing Attacks
What is Phishing in Cyber Security?
Phishing is a social engineering attack where threat actors trick employees into revealing sensitive information – such as passwords,email addresses, or credit card numbers – or installing malicious code. They do this by posing as a legitimate entity, like your bank, a trusted third-party, or even you. Victims may be asked to send information directly, or through a malicious website designed to look like a login page.
Historically, phishing scams have been relatively easy to detect. But this is no longer the case. Recent innovations, such as AI technology, have made it possible for threat actors to create extremely convincing scams. Because of this, you can no longer count on obvious errors. Instead, you must look for the technique itself – the emotional manipulation employed by cybercriminals to get what they want.
Prevention Tips
- Train employees to recognise the most common warning signs of a phishing email, SMS, or phone call. Some examples include a sense of urgency, emotional manipulation, and attempts to prevent the victim from verifying information elsewhere.
- Encourage the use of email and phone filters, to reduce exposure.
- Enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) on all sensitive accounts. This ensures that even with login credentials, threat actors cannot gain access.
- Install anti malware and antivirus software on all work devices.
2. Malware
What is Malware in Cyber Security?
“Malware” is a catch-all term used to describe malicious software. This includes viruses, worms, spyware, trojans, and other harmful programs. If even a single device becomes infected with malware, it can quickly spread across your entire network, wreaking havoc throughout your business.
When a malware attack occurs, early intervention is crucial. The faster it is detected, the less damage will be done and the faster your business will recover.
Prevention Tips
- Keep software and systems up-to-date.
- Install security software designed to detect and block malware.
- Avoid downloading software or opening attachments from an unknown source.
- Segment your network, so that any infected devices can be quickly isolated.
- Only use reputable software providers.
3. Ransomware Attacks
What is Ransomware in Cyber Security?
Ransomware is specialised malware designed to encrypt or steal your data. Once cybercriminals have it in their possession, they approach you with a ransom note and a threat. They might say they will release the data, use it to launch further attacks, or simply not return it.
If you are struck by this type of attack, there is one critical piece of advice you must follow: do not ever pay the ransom. While it might seem like the fastest way to return to normal, the truth is that most victims who pay up do not get all of their data back. You will only lose more money – and tell the criminals responsible that you are a valid target.
Prevention Tips
- Regularly backup all data using the 3-2-1 rule: Three copies, two different media, at least one off-site.
- Use malware prevention techniques to avoid accidentally installing malware.
- Encrypt your data before threat actors can. This makes it unreadable, preventing them from using it.
- Develop a strong incident response plan.
4. Social Engineering
What is Social Engineering in Cyber Security?
In short, social engineering is any cyber-attack that relies on psychological tactics, rather than technological ones. As mentioned above, phishing is one example – but it can take many forms. These attacks are particularly dangerous, because they have the ability to completely bypass your normal security measures. By taking advantage of simple human nature, threat actors can access your systems and data virtually unchallenged.
Prevention Tips
- Promote a security-first culture where staff always verify, never trust, and report attacks quickly.
- Implement additional measures (such as MFA) that prevent your business from relying on humans alone to prevent attacks.
- Assign access privileges sparingly. Employees should only be able to use systems and data they absolutely need.
- Implement strict policies about how and where sensitive data can be shared.
5. Supply Chain Attacks
What is a Supply Chain Attack in Cyber Security?
One of the most insidious threats out there, a supply chain attack is when threat actors target you through a third party. This might be a trusted software or service provider, for example. Cybercriminals will breach this business first, then approach you disguised as them. They may send you a software update riddled with malware, or convince an employee that they need access to personal data.
Prevention Tips
- Always verify unexpected software updates and contact attempts from a third party before proceeding.
- Carefully vet out vendors and service providers, to ensure they prioritise security.
Building a Strong Foundation: Extra Cyber Security Strategies
You can further strengthen your business’ cyber security using these foundational techniques:
- Schedule regular security audits, to identify any gaps that need to be addressed.
- Follow a cyber security framework, such as the Essential 8, to ensure all bases are covered.
- Monitor network activity for unusual behaviour that might indicate a threat.
- Stay informed on emerging cyber threats.
- Partner with a managed service provider (MSP) to increase your security without requiring additional resources.
Everything You Need to Know About Cyber Security for Small Businesses
It is no exaggeration to say that ignoring security could be the last mistake your business ever makes. And when the threat could come from anywhere, you need to be prepared at all times. But it isn’t hopeless. The right knowledge, a solid strategy, and some simple preparation are all you need to keep most cyber-attacks at bay. Prepare now, and you will be ready to handle any challenge that comes your way in the future.
Are you ready to secure your data? Don’t wait until an attack strikes. Read our ultimate guide to cyber security, and get started right now.